FREQUENCY, DISTRIBUTION OF SUBTYPES AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IN PAEDIATRIC AND ADOLESCENT PATIENTS

Authors

  • Saba Jamal Indus hospital and health network Karachi
  • Neelum Mansoor The Indus hospital, Karachi
  • Bushra Kaleem Indus hospital and health network
  • Fouzia Lateef Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi
  • Nausheen Yaqoob Indus hospital and health network Karachi

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55519/JAMC-02-9384

Keywords:

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma, Pediatric, Immunohistochemistry, Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Abstract

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a common malignant disorder in paediatric and adolescent age group. There is a need of large-scale studies to understand the disease pattern in Pakistan as no official registry exist in most of the developing countries. This study comprised a large cohort of 223 patients, spanned over a decade from January 2008-December 2019 and aimed to report the prevalence of subtypes, demographics and immunohistochemical profile from this region. Methods: Retrospective study, conducted at Indus hospital and health network and Ziauddin university hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Sequential data analysis was carried out on all consecutive samples including both needle and excisional biopsies of patients below 18 years of age. Morphological examination of H&E stained sections along with immunohistochemistry is performed in order to identify subtypes and immunophenotypic patterns using an extensive panel of markers. Results: Our results demonstrate 66% B-cell lymphomas while 34% T-cell lymphomas. Overall male to female ratio was 3.3:1 with median age 8 years (1.1–17 years). Among B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma is most common while in T-cell, T-lymphoblastic lymphoma is the most common subtype. In anaplastic large cell lymphoma category, null cell phenotype was predominant, i.e., 65%. T-NHL frequency is found to be higher in our population. However, results of immunohistochemistry are similar to published literature. Conclusion: The study will help to identify disease patterns in terms of subtypes of NHL and its immunohistochemical profile that plays a vital role in diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Author Biographies

Saba Jamal, Indus hospital and health network Karachi

Director clinical laboratories and blood centre

Neelum Mansoor, The Indus hospital, Karachi

ConsultantDepartment of Hematology

Bushra Kaleem, Indus hospital and health network

PhD scholar and senior research associate

Fouzia Lateef, Ziauddin University Hospital Karachi

Consultant Histopathologist

Nausheen Yaqoob, Indus hospital and health network Karachi

Consultant Histopathologist Section head Histopathology

References

PA, Poplack DG. Principles and Practice of Pediatric Oncology: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2015.

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2019. CA Cancer J Clin 2019;69(1):7–34.

Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global Cancer Statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005;55(2):74–108.

Hanif M, Zaidi P, Kamal S, Hameed A. Institution-based cancer incidence in a local population in Pakistan: nine year data analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2009;10(2):227–30.

Perry AM, Mitrovic Z, Chan WC. Biological Prognostic Markers in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. Cancer Control 2012;19(3):214–26.

Hochberg J, Waxman IM, Kelly KM, Morris E, Cairo MS. Adolescent non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma: state of the science. Br J Haematol 2009;144(1):24–40.

Swerdlow S, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe E, Pileri S, Stein H, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (Revised 4th edition). IARC: Lyon. 2017.

Almasri NM, Habashneh MA, Khalidi HS. Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Jordan-Types and patterns of 111 cases classified according to the WHO classification of hematological malignancies. Saudi Med J 2004;25(5):609–14.

Shahid R, Gulzar R, Avesi L, Hassan S, Danish F, Mirza T. Immunohistochemical Profile of Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2016;26(2):103–7.

Hossain MS, Begum M, Mian MM, Ferdous S, Kabir S, Sarker HK, et al. Epidemiology of childhood and adolescent cancer in Bangladesh, 2001–2014. BMC Cancer 2016;16(1):104–11.

Mondal SK, Mandal PK, Samanta TK, Chakaborty S, Roy SD, Roy S. Malignant lymphoma in Eastern India: A retrospective analysis of 455 cases according to World Health Organization classification. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2013;34(4):242.

Yin H, Li T, Li J. Retrospective analysis of 304 cases of malignant lymphomas in pathology: study and practice of the WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2003;83(18):1556–60.

Mava Y, Baba U, Timothy S, Pius S, Ambe J. Retrospective study of childhood burkitts lymphoma in north eastern Nigeria. West Afr J Med 2013;32(4):296–300.

Ashraf T, Ghafoor T, Tanveer S. Pattern of Paediatric Malignancies in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern Pakistan. Pak J Physiol 2018;14(4):21–4.

Alyahya N, Adiga B, Alwadei A, Alshahrani G, Alyahya F. The clinico-pathological profile of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. BMC Res Notes 2019;12(1):418–24.

Adewuyi S, Musa H, Samaila M, Ogunrinde G, Ameh E, Popoola O. Pattern of paediatric solid cancers seen in radiotherapy and oncology department, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria-Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J 2013;20(2):120–4.

Faizan M, Anwar S, Khan S. Demographics and Outome in Paediatric Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Single Centre Experience at The Children Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2018;28(1):48–51.

Manipadam MT, Nair S, Viswabandya A, Mathew L, Srivastava A, Chandy M. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood and adolescence: frequency and distribution of immunomorphological types from a tertiary care center in South India. World J Clin Pediatr 2011;7(4):318–25.

Laurent C, Do C, Gourraud PA, de Paiva GR, Valmary S, Brousset P. Prevalence of common non-Hodgkin lymphomas and subtypes of Hodgkin lymphoma by nodal site of involvement: a systematic retrospective review of 938 cases. Medicine 2015;94(25):e987.

Patel JL, Smith LM, Anderson J, Abromowitch M, Campana D, Jacobsen J, et al. The immunophenotype of T‐lymphoblastic lymphoma in children and adolescents: a Children's Oncology Group report. Br J Haematol 2012;159(4):454–61.

Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Pileri SA, Stein H, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Vol. 2. International agency for research on cancer Lyon; 2008.

Tavakkoli M, Lee DH, Durham B, Chung SS, Park CY. Targeting CD99 in T-Cell Neoplasms with Monoclonal Antibodies. Blood 2015;126(23):2749.

Sandlund JT, Martin MG. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma across the pediatric and adolescent and young adult age spectrum. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2016;2016(1):589–97.

Girgis M, Philip J, Cvetkovski Injic Z, Peres EM, Menon MP, Farhan SY, et al. Outcome of Non-Germinal Center/Activated B-Cell Type Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Determined By Immunohistochemistry in a Single Institution over 7 Years. Blood 2017;130(Suppl-1):5224.

Bonzheim I, Geissinger E, Roth S, Zettl A, Marx A, Rosenwald A, et al. Anaplastic large cell lymphomas lack the expression of T-cell receptor molecules or molecules of proximal T-cell receptor signaling. Blood 2004;104(10):3358–60.

Published

2022-03-03

Most read articles by the same author(s)