PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS '˜B' AND '˜C' IN ORTHOPAEDICS PATIENTS AT AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL ABBOTTABAD
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B and C is a common global health problem and is spreading rapidly indeveloping countries due to lack of health education, poverty and illiteracy. Both of these infections
can be transmitted through blood or body fluids, tattooing, through infected instruments, unsafe
shave by barbers and sexual contact. Medical personnel are most exposed to these infections. There
should be proper preventive measures to prevent its spread in the community. Methods: This is a
descriptive study carried out from July 2003 to July 2004 on 1630 patients admitted in the
department of Orthopaedics Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad. Patients of either sex, of all ages
undergoing surgery were included in the study. All patients underwent screening for Hepatitis-B and
Hepatitis-C and confirmed by Elisa method in positive patients. Results: Out of 1630 patients 1205
(73.92%) were male and 425 (26.07%) were female. Hepatitis B and C was present in 84 (5.15%)
patients. Out of 84 infected patients 51 (3.12%) were suffering from hepatitis C and 33 (2.02%) were
suffering from hepatitis B. In 2 (0.12%) patients both hepatitis B and C infections were present. Out
of 51 hepatitis C patients, 33 (64.71%) were male and 18 (35.29%) were female. Out of 33 hepatitis
B patients, 28 (84.85%) were male and 5 (15.15%) were female patients. Among the predisposing
factors previous history of surgery was positive in 18 (21.43%) patients, history of blood transfusion
in 13 (15.47%) patients, dental procedure was in 7 (8.33%) patients, and abroad visit in 4 (4.76%)
patients. Conclusion: The prevalence of hepatitis B and C in orthopaedic patients is quite high with
the common risk factors: previous history of surgery or blood transfusion. Therefore, all patients
which need surgery should be routinely screened for hepatitis B & C to prevent transmission to other
patients, medical staff. There should be separate operation theatres facilities for these patients. There
should be policy by the Government for protection of medical personnel who are exposed to these
patients and there should be compensation for those who get infected with these infections during
their service otherwise the medical personnel especially surgeons will hesitate doing surgeries on
hepatitis B and C infected patients.
Key Words: Prevalence, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Orthopaedic patients
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