PROTECTIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN C AND E AGAINST SODIUM ARSENATE INDUCED CHANGES IN DEVELOPING KIDNEY OF ALBINO MICE
Abstract
Background: Arsenic is a teratogenic agent present in the environment as oxides and arsenate andhumans are exposed to it through contaminated drinking water, food, soil and air. This investigationwas undertaken to evaluate protective role of Vitamin C and E against teratogenic injury produced bysodium arsenate in developing kidney of the mouse. Methods: Twenty-four pregnant albino mice ofBALB/c strain, were randomly divided into 4 groups of 6 each: A1, A2, A3 and A4. Group A1 served asthe control and received weight related distilled water by intra-peritoneal (I/P) injection, group A2 wasgiven a single doses of 35 mg/kg on 8th GD whereas groups A3 and A4 were treated with Vitamin C andE by IP injection, 9 mg/kg/day and 15 mg/kg/day respectively, starting from 8th day and continued forthe rest of the pregnancy period. The foetal kidneys were weighed and histological studies carried outincluding micrometry on different components of nephron. Results: Sodium arsenate toxicitymanifested as an increase in weight of the kidneys, wider nephrogenic zone and significant reduction inthe mean of number of mature renal corpuscles as compared to the control group (p<0.000). There weremoderate to severe necrotic and degenerative changes in proximal and distal convoluted tubules;glomeruli were hypercellular, the Bowman’s spaces were obliterated. There was a statisticallysignificant difference in mean diameter of renal corpuscles of group A2 when compared with groupsA1, A3 and A4, (p<0.000). Conclusions: The findings implied that groups receiving Vitamin C and Ealong with sodium arsenate showed an overall improvement in all parameters, indicating the protectiverole of Vitamin C and E against arsenic induced teratogenicity in developing kidney and are safe to useduring pregnancy without deleterious effect on human conspectuses in arsenic exposed areas.Keywords: Arsenic, teratogenic, ascorbic acid, nephrogenesis.References
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