FREQUENCIES OF CONGENITAL ANOMALIES AMONG NEWBORNS ADMITTED IN NURSERY OF AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL ABBOTTABAD, PAKISTAN
Abstract
Background: Congenital anomalies play a significant role in perinatal and neonatal morbidity andmortality. The frequency of these congenital anomalies varies in different populations. Objectiveof this study was to find out the frequencies of congenital anomalies admitted in nursery of AyubTeaching Hospital, Abbottabad. Methods: In this descriptive, cross-sectional study all patientsadmitted in NICU from October 2009 to January 2010 were included. The patients were examinedfor major and minor congenital anomalies. The observations were recorded in tabulated form.Results: A total of 2,360 patients were admitted in NICU during the study period. One hundredpatients were noted to have congenital anomalies. The most frequent anomalies involved thecentral nervous system (31%). Meningomyelocele was the commonest defect (71%, 22 out of 31cases of CNS defects), among these males were more (77%, 17 out of 22 of meningomyelocelecases) than females (14 out of 31). These were followed by patients born with congenital heartdefects (16%). Patients with urogenital anomalies (6%) were all male except for one who hadambiguous genitalia. Conclusions: Cases of meningomyelocele were the commonest presentingcongenital anomaly. More stress should be laid on the role of peri-conceptional vitaminsupplementation like folic acid for the primary prevention of congenital defects.Keywords: congenital anomaly, birth defect, encephalocele, anencephaly, Down’s syndrome, trisomyReferences
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