RATE AND RISK FACTORS FOR SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AT A TERTIARY CARE FACILITY IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
Abstract
ackground: Surgical site infections (SSI) are among the most common complications in surgicalpatients and have serious consequences for outcomes and costs. This study aimed to determine the rates
and risk factors affecting surgical site infections and their incidence at Surgical '˜C' Unit, Khyber
Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. The study was conducted to compare with rates obtained by
large international multi-centre studies. Methods: A review of all general surgical interventions
involving an incision, excluding anal procedures, performed between December 2008 and March 2009
(n=269) was undertaken. Various clinical parameters were recorded. Infection rates were calculated.
Data were analysed using the Fisher's exact test. Results: The overall SSI rate was 9.294%, 4.88% in
clean cases (C), 8.39% in clean contaminated cases (CC), and 20.45% in contaminated or dirty cases
(D). There were significantly higher surgical site infection rates among patients with combined
American Society of Anaesthesiologists scores II and III than those with ASA score I in clean
contaminated (p=0.0007), and dirty cases (p=0.0212). There were also significantly higher surgical site
infection rates among patients with combined Co-morbidity Scale score 1-6 than those with no comorbid factors in clean contaminated (p=0.0002). Surgical site infection rate was highest in
gastrointestinal system surgeries. Conclusion: The Surgical site infections can be minimised by
adopting international protocols for surveillance.
Keywords: Charlson Co-morbidity Index, Surgical Site Infection, Clean, clean-contaminated and dirty
surgeries; Risk factors
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