AETIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ACQUIRED ANAEMIA IN A PAEDIATRIC TERTIARY CARE SETTING
Abstract
Background: Anaemia is the commonest haematological disorder frequently faced by cliniciansworldwide. The multi-factorial aetiology of the disorder warrants a comprehensive search for the
different causes as management plans differ for different disorders. The objective of this study was to
identify the different acquired causes of anaemia in our paediatric population. Methods: The study
was conducted at the Department of Paediatrics, Ayub Teaching Hospital from April 2009 to April
2010. It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 110 patients were included in the study who presented
with anaemia secondary to acquired aetiologies and were assessed clinically using general physical
and systemic examination. The salient clinical and laboratory data was retrieved in designed protocol.
Results: Out of a total of 110 patients, 61 (55.5%) were male and 49 (44.5%) were female. Mean
age of the participants was 48 months. Nutritional anaemia comprising iron deficiency anaemia and
megaloblastic anaemia was the leading cause being present in 49 (44.5%) patients followed by
Visceral Leishmaniasis in 28 (25.5%) patients. Mean haemoglobin was 4.36 g/dl. Conclusion:
Anaemia secondary to acquired causes is a disorder with grave consequences ranging from cognitive
and psychomotor dysfunction to mortality in severe cases. Identification of the different acquired
causes is important in preventing the disorder by guiding appropriate interventions.
Keywords: Anaemia, nutritional, iron deficiency, megaloblastic, Visceral Leishmaniasis
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