ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AMONG CLINICAL ISOLATES OF STENOTROPHOMONAS MALTOPHILIA AT A TEACHING HOSPITAL IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA
Abstract
Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has emerged as a significant pathogen in compromisedpatients, causing infections which are difficult to treat. This study was carried out to comprehend therecent trend of antimicrobial resistance among clinical isolates of S. maltophilia and suggestmanagement guidance for patients in general and in our region in particular. Methods: A total of 222clinical isolates were tested between Jan 2003 to Jun 2009 at King Khalid University Hospital,College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh Saudi Arabia. The organisms were identified asper standard guidelines. Final identification and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) wasdetermined by using Microscan®. Results: S. maltophilia showed absolute resistance to Imipenem.In vitro, least resistance was observed against Cotrimoxazole (9.45%) followed by Ceftazidime(57.21%), Piperacillin/Tazobactam (60.82%), Ciprofloxacin (77.03%), Aztreonam (86.03%).Gentamicin showed overall highest resistance (87.39%). The crude mortality rate was 47%.Conclusion: Cotrimoxazole is still the most effective agent against S. maltophilia but, keeping inview the increasing resistance to first and second line drugs, there is an urgent need for an effectivesurveillance system. To discourage development of resistance and devise an effective empiricaltherapy, large scale study should be considered.Keywords: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, antibiotic resistance, mortality rate, minimum inhibitoryconcentrationReferences
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