CELIAC AND AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH ANTI-GAD POSITIVE TYPE-1 DIABETES MELLITUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55519/JAMC-03-12011Keywords:
Anti-GAD antibodies, Anti-thyroid antibodies, Celiac disease, HbA1c, Type-1 diabetes mellitusAbstract
Background: Type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune thyroid disease can occur concomitantly and patients with TIDM have a high risk of other autoimmune conditions like thyroid disease and celiac disease. This study aimed to analyze the association of anti-GAD positive T1DM with anti-thyroid antibodies and celiac disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi Pakistan from July 2022 to December 2022. A total of 115 children of both genders aged between 1–18 years having known T1DM were analyzed. Children with chronic kidney disease or chronic liver disease were excluded. Those children were also not included whose parents/caregivers did not wish their children to be part of this research. The blood sample of each child was taken in a sterilized container and sent to an institutional laboratory for biochemical investigations. Results: In a total of 115 patients, 67 (58.3%) were female and 48 (41.7%) males. The mean age was 8.87±3.43 (ranging between 1.5–17 years). The mean HbA1c was 11.86±7.31%. It was found that anti-GAD IgG was having signification association with celiac disease (p<0.001). Significant correlation of anti-GAD positive antibodies with Ttg-IgG antibodies (correlation coefficient=0.303, p=0.001), thyroid peroxidase antibodies (correlation coefficient=0.228, p=0.001). Conclusion: High proportions of children with anti-GAD positive T1DM patients were found to have thyroid disorders and celiac disease. A significant correlation was found between anti-GAD positive antibodies, celiac disease and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies.References
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