COMPARISON OF SOFT TISSUE CHIN AND LOWER LIP THICKNESS IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH VARIOUS MANDIBULAR DIVERGENCE PATTERNS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55519/JAMC-02-10491Abstract
Background: The influence of hard tissue discrepancies on the soft tissue cannot be ignored. The divergence or angle of the mandible can influence the lower lip and chin (soft tissue), similar to the influence of incisors inclinations on the pro/ retrusion of the lips. Hence this study was carried out to find out the impact of mandibular divergence patterns on contour and thickness of lower facial soft tissues. Methods: Using the Lateral cephalograms of 105 subjects, Lip thickness was measured between the protruding endpoint of the maxillary incisors (U1) to the stomion point (St) and between the infradentale (Id) and labrale inferius (Li). Soft tissue chin thickness was measured between the landmarks at hard tissue bony pogonion (Pog) to its opposite point on soft tissue (Pog’), hard tissue gnathion (Gn) to soft tissue gnathion (Gn’) and hard tissue menton (Me) to its opposite point on ST menton (Me’). Results: Lower lip thickness from Id-Li (infradentale-labrale inferius) was greater in subjects with mandibular hyperdivergent pattern (p-value 0.097) while soft tissue chin thickness was decreased in hyperdivergent and increased in individuals with mandibular hypodivergence in both genders (p-value at gnathion was 0.596, menton was 0.023, and pogonion was 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Lower lip thickness was increased in the individuals with mandibular hyperdivergence measured from infradentale to labrale inferius. While increased soft tissue thickness was observed at points gnathion and menton in patients with mandibular hypodivergence with no obvious difference at pogonion point.References
Profit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Malocclusion and dentofacial deformity in contemporary society. In: Contemporary orthodontics. 6th ed. St Louis: Elsevier: 2019; p.5.
Sharma P, Singh DP, Yadav P, Kumawat R. Paradigm shift in orthodontics Review. Int J Curr Res 2016;10(7):71800–3.
Ahmed M, Shaikh A, Fida M. Assessment of the facial profile: the correlation between various cephalometric analysis and the soft tissue angle of convexity. J Pak Dent Assoc 2017;26(2):59–66.
Profit WR. The soft tissue paradigm in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning: a new view for a century. J Esthet Dent 2000;12(1):46–9.
Profit WR, Fields HW, Sarver DM. Diagnosis and treatment planning; Classification by the Five Characteristics of Dentofacial Traits. In: Contemporary orthodontics. 6th ed. St Louis, Elsevier: 2019; p.98–202.
Bansal AK, Sharma M, Kumar P, Nehra K, Kumar S. Long face syndrome: a literature review. J Dent Health Oral Disord Ther 2015;2(6):210–3.
Kuriakose J, Kamath P, Kumar A, Scindhia R, Raghuraj. Long face pattern. [Internet]. Revista Latinoamericana De Ortodoncia Y Odontopediaria 2013. [cited 2021 Nov]. Available from: https://www.ortodoncia.ws/publicaciones/2013/art-34/
Lin JC, Chen S, Liou EJ, Ojima K, Bowman SJ. Interdisciplinary Aligner Treatment of Short-face Patients. J Clin Orthod 2017;51(7):382–405.
Rasool G, Hussain T, Hussain U, Shah AM. Comparisons of soft tissue chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns. Pak Orthod J 2016;8(1):53–7.
Rasool G, Alam T. Comparison of lip thickness among different skeletal malocclusion classes. Pak Oral Dent J 2015;35(1):61–4.
Jeelani W, Fida M, Shaikh A. Facial soft tissue thickness among various vertical facial patterns in adult Pakistani subjects. Forensic Sci Int 2015;257(1):517–23.
Surani SS, Bhat SR. A cephalometric study to compare the soft tissue nose and chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns. Int J Sci Res 2019;8(1):15–7.
Celikoglu M, Buyuk SK, Ekizer A, Sekerci AE, Sisman Y. Assessment of the soft tissue thickness at the lower anterior face in adult patients with different skeletal vertical patterns using cone-beam computed tomography. Angle Orthod 2015;85(2):211–7.
Macari AT, Hanna AE. Comparisons of soft tissue chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns. Angle Orthod 2014;84(4):708–14.
Perovic’ TM, Blazej M, Jovanovic I. The influence of mandibular divergence on facial soft tissue thickness in class I patients; a cephalometric study. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2021;81(2):472–80.
Ashraf K, Kulshrestha R, Azam A, Shabir S, Kaur H. Soft tissue analysis of chin, upper lip length and thickness in patients with different mandibular divergent patterns-a cephalometric study. Indian J Orthod Dentofac Res 2020;4(2):88–93.
Somaiah S, Khan MU, Muddaiah S, Shetty B, Reddy G, Siddegowda R. Comparison of soft tissue chin thickness in adult patients with various mandibular divergence patterns in Kodava population. Int J Orthod Rehabil 2017;8(2):51–6.
Subramaniam S, Karti M, Kumar KP, Raja S. comparison of soft tissue chin prominence in various mandibular divergence patterns of Tamil nandu population. J Indian Acad Dent Spec Res 2016;3(2):39–42.
Saadeh M, Fayyad-Kazan H, Haddad R, Ayoub F. Facial soft tissue thickness differences among different vertical facial patterns. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 317:110468.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Ambar Farooq, Maimoona Afsar, Verda Ahmad Khan, Adil Shahnawaz, Sardar Danial Hafeez, Saima Shad, Fatima Afsar
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad is an OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL which means that all content is FREELY available without charge to all users whether registered with the journal or not. The work published by J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad is licensed and distributed under the creative commons License CC BY ND Attribution-NoDerivs. Material printed in this journal is OPEN to access, and are FREE for use in academic and research work with proper citation. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad accepts only original material for publication with the understanding that except for abstracts, no part of the data has been published or will be submitted for publication elsewhere before appearing in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. The Editorial Board of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad makes every effort to ensure the accuracy and authenticity of material printed in J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. However, conclusions and statements expressed are views of the authors and do not reflect the opinion/policy of J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad or the Editorial Board.
USERS are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.
AUTHORS retain the rights of free downloading/unlimited e-print of full text and sharing/disseminating the article without any restriction, by any means including twitter, scholarly collaboration networks such as ResearchGate, Academia.eu, and social media sites such as Twitter, LinkedIn, Google Scholar and any other professional or academic networking site.