PATTERN OF LEUKAEMIA PATIENTS ADMITTED IN AYUB TEACHING HOSPITAL ABBOTTABAD

Authors

  • Tariq Mehmood Khan Department of Physiology Ayub Medical College Abbottabad

Abstract

Background: Any tissue of the body can give rise to cancer. However, those tissues which multiply rapidly are at high risk of developing cancer and haematopoietic system is one of them. Neoplasms of this system are known as leukaemia and lymphoma, according to the types of white cells involved.Study of cancer patterns in different societies, however can contribute a substantial knowledge about the aetiology of cancer. The present Study was designed and aimed to estimate the frequency of different types of leukaemia in patients admitted in Ayub Teaching hospital Abbottabad. Methods: Data from the patients admitted at oncology Department of Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad from 2010 to 2015 was collected and analysed to calculate cumulative and year-wise frequency of leukaemia and its major types. Frequency distribution with reference to gender and age was also calculated. Results: In our analysis about 16% patients had acute myelocytic leukaemia and 32% patients had acute lymphocytic leukaemia; while chronic myeloid leukaemia outnumbered chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (11% and 3%); Hodgkin lymphoma was seen in 18% cases while Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was present in 20% cases. Out of the total, 150 cases (75%) belonged to mountainous areas of Hazara, i.e., 40 cases belonged to Kohistan, another 40 cases were residents of Battagram, 45 cases belonged to hilly areas of Mansehra and 25 cases to Kaghan valley, while only 50 (25%) cases were from the plain areas of Abbottabad and Haripur districts, i.e., 20 and 30 cases respectively. Conclusion: Leukaemia is more common in hilly areas of Hazara, since majority of the cases belonged to well-known mountainous regions of Kohistan, Battagram, Kaghan or Mansehra and only few cases belonged to the plain areas of Abbottabad and Haripur districts.Keywords: leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloid leukaemia, lymphoid leukaemia

References

Pui CH, Relling MV, Downing JR. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. N Engl J Med 2004;350(15):1535–48.

Handin RI, Lux SE, Stossel TP. Blood: principles and practice of hematology. Vol. 1. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2003.

Wang W. Emergence of a DNA-damage response network consisting of Fanconi anaemia and BRCA proteins. Nat Rev Genet 2007;8(10):735–48.

Baris D, Zahm SH. Epidmiology of lympomas. Curr Opin Oncol 2000;12(5):383–94.

Greiner TC, Mederiros LJ, Jaffe ES. Non-Hodgkin‘s lymphoma. Cancer 1995;75(1 suppl):370–80.

Parkin D, Stiller C, Draper G, Bieber C, Terracini B, Young J. International incidence of childhood cancer. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Sci Publ (87):1998.

Imperial Gazetteer of India in 26 assorted volumes (London: Oxford 1931), v.13, p.76.

Zahid M. Khalid A, Ahmed ZD, Aziz Z. Acute leukaemias of childhood: A retrospective analysis of 62 cases. J Pak Med Assoc 1996;46(7):147–9.

Ahmed M, Khan AH, Mansoor A, Khan MA, Saud S. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma-clinicopathological pattern. J Pak Med Assoc 1992;42(9):205–8.

Sevage DG, Szydlo RM, Goldman JM. Clinical features at diagnosis in 430 patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia seen at a referral centre over a 16 year period. Br J Haematol 1997;96(1):111–6.

Hassan K, Qureshi M, Shafi S, Ikram N, Akhtar MJ. Acute myeloid leukaemia-FB classification and its correlations with clinico-haematological features. J Pak Med Assoc 1993;43(10):200–10.

Idris M, Shah SH, Farid J, Gul N. An experience with sixty cases of haematological malignancies; a clinico haematological correlation. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2004;16(4):51–4.

Vallespi T, Montserrat E, Sanz MA. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: Prognostic value of lymphocyte morphological subtypes. A multivariate survival analysis in 146 patients. Br J Haematol 1991;77(4):478–85.

Hassan K, Bukhari KP, Zafar A, Malik MZK, Akhtar MJ. Acute leukaemia in children-French-American-British (FAB) classification and its relation to clinical features. J Pak Med Assoc 1992;42(2):29–33.

Pasqualetti P, Festuccia V, Acitelli P, Collacciani A, Gluski A, Casale P. Tobacco smoking and risk of haematological malignancies in adult: A case-control study. Br J Haematol 1997;97(3):659–62.

Dunn GP, Bruce AT, Ikeda H, Old LJ, Schreiber RD. Cancer immunoediting: from immunosurveillance to tumor escape. Nat Immunol 2002;3(11):991–8.

Knudson AG. Cancer genetics. Am J Med Genet 2002;111(1):96–102.

Hoeijmakers JH. Genome maintenance mechanism for preventing cancer. Nature 2001;411:336–74.

Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P. Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin 2005;55(2):74–108.

Hussain Sp, Schwank J, Staib F, Wang XW, Harris CC. TP53 mutations and hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of liver cancer. Oncogene 2007;26(15):2166–76.

Published

2016-06-01